Neighbours:
North - Ukraine
East - Republic of Moldova, Ukraine and the Black Sea
South - Bulgaria
South/Southwest - Yugoslavia
West - Hungary

Geographic:
Area: 238,391 square kilometers, ranking 12th in Europe
Latitude: 43°37'07''- 48°15'06'' North
Longitude: 20°15'44''-29°41'24'' East
Arable area: 39.2 %
Forests: 28.0 %
Pastures and hayfields: 20.3 %
Vineyards/nurseries: 2.5 %
Waters and ponds: 3.7 %
Buildings, roads, railways: 6.1 %

Relief:
Mountains 31.0 %
Hills and Tablelands 33.0 %
Plains, Meadows, Danube Delta 36.0 %

Climate:
West - temperate continental with slight oceanic influences
South and Southeast - Mediteranean
North and Northeast - excessively continental

Administration:
41 counties (including the Municipality of Bucharest)
263 towns and cities
2,685 large villages
3,285 villages

Population: 22,430,457

Ethnic structure: Romanians - 89.4%; Hungarians (including Szecklers) - 7.1%; Roma - 1.7%; other ethnic groups - 1.8%

Religious structure: Eastern Orthodox - 86.8%; Roman-Catholic - 5.0%; Reformed - 3.5%; Greek-Catholic - 1.0%, Evangelical - 0.3%; Unitarian - 0.3%; other religions-3.1%

Form of government: Republic

President of Romania: Traian Basescu

Legislative power: the Parliament of Romania, with 471 members in the 2004-2008 legislature, features two chambers: the Senate of Romania, 140 members, and the Chamber of Deputies, 331 members.
President of Romania's Senate: Nicolae Vacaroiu
President of the Chamber of Deputies: Bogdan Olteanu

Judicial power: the Supreme Court of Justice and other courts of law.
The Public Ministry provides public prosecutors.
The Rule of Law is paramount.

Executive power: the Government of Romania made up of 15 ministries headed by a Prime Minister
Prime Minister: Calin Popescu Tariceanu
Minister of Foreign Affairs: Mihai-Razvan Ungureanu

Major political parties

The Ruling Coalition:

The National Liberal Party (PNL)
The Democratic Party (PD)
The Romanian Humanist Party (PUR)

The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR)

The Opposition Partie

The Social Democratic Party (PSD)
The Greater Romania Party (PRM)

Currency: the Leu (plural lei)

Language: Romanian.
The easternmost representative of the classic Romance languages (such as French, Italian and Spanish), Romanian is a continuation of the Latin language spoken in ancient times in the Dacia and Moesia regions which were provinces of the ancient Roman Empire. A 31-letter Latin alphabet is in use in Romania.

National day: December 1st - the anniversary of the Great National Assembly held in 1918 at Alba Iulia. The Assembly voted for Transylvania's union with Romania, thus bringing all Romanians into today's single, modern state.